Irreclaimable Savages

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  • “TRAMP STUDENTS.”

    Annual Report of the Commissioner of Indian Affairs for the year 1916, https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=osu.32435064036098&seq=3 Commissioner of Indian Affairs, Cato Sells, October 2, 1916. “The term ‘tramp student’ has been applied to those students who have formed the habit of transferring from one school to another, not because they required new work which the first school did…

  • …dependent and weak…lack of disposition to complain…

    In the Report of the Indian School Superintendent – Department of the Interior, Office of the indian School Superintendent, November 1, 1885 report: The Secretary of the Interior, Henry M. Teller, called attention to the repeated failure of the government to provide educational provisions of eight treaties with multiple tribes: “It is not a gratuity,…

  • …unfortunate and deluded savages…

    Annual Report of the Superintendent of Indian Affairs, 1831-32https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=nyp.33433088715044&seq=17 Governor Reynolds to General ClarkBelleville, 26th May, 1831 “The object of the Government of the State is to protect those citizens by removing said Indians peaceably if they can, but forcibly if they must. Those Indians are now, and so I have considered them, in a…

  • “…grossest heathenism.”

    Annual Report of the Commissioner of Indian Affairs, for the year 1894. https://search.library.wisc.edu/digital/A3YVW4ZRARQT7J8S Reports of Agents in Arizona; Chas. H. Cook, Missionary of the Presbyterian Church. “So far we have been unable to establish work on the Salt River Reservation and in the Quacharty and some of the Papago villages, where Indians still live in…

  • “savagery, superstition, and wretchedness…”

    Report of the Superintendent of Indian Schools, 1896. https://catalog.hathitrust.org/Record/100075328 Superintendent W.N. Hailmann “We would elevate a race destined to be of us from savagery, superstition, and wretchedness into civilization, intelligent faith, and reasonable prosperity; out of the slavery of tribal self-annihilation into the freedom of individual self-assertion. We labor to remove from the ‘American Indian,’…

  • “wild specimens of humanity…”

    Annual Report of the Commissioner of Indian Affairs for the year 1898 https://digitalcommons.csumb.edu/hornbeck_usa_2_e/30/ Report of School at Fort Bidwell, CA from Ira R. Bamber, Farmer, Industrial Teacher, and Special Disbursing Agent , Fort Bidwell CA, August 20, 1898 “Coming as they did from ‘tepees’ without the slightest previous training, and not having other pupils here…

  • “…barbarian child of barbarian parents…superior race…”

    Annual Report of the Commissioner of Indian Affairs for the year 1885 https://search.library.wisc.edu/digital/AC5UOFLSZHEGOL8A/pages/AXM4UOEM3FPCO38J Report of Indian School Superintendent and Statistics relating to Indian Schools, John H. Oberly, Indian School Superintendent (p. CXXVII) “It may be said, unwelcome as it must be to the many people interested in the subject of Indian education, that the day-school…

  • “…barbarous dialects…”

    Annual Report of the Indian School Superintendent, 1887 https://hdl.handle.net/2027/uiug.30112004022692 Superintendent of Indian Schools: John B. Riley (p. 39) “Until their barbarous dialects have given way to civilized language, to put them upon lands in severalty and require them to assume the duties of citizenship, will place them in new relation with new responsibilities, the nature…

  • “…ignorant, imbecile and helpless…”

    Report of the Commissioner of Indian Affairs, accompanying the Annual Report of the Secretary of the Interior for the year 1857. URL “Their destiny must be determined and worked out where they are. There they must advance and improve, and become fitted to take an active part in the ennobling struggles of civilization; or, remaining…

  • “barbarous”

    Definition of barbarous, Oxford dictionary: Savagely cruel, exceedingly brutal; primitive and uncivilized “Annual Report of the Commissioner of Indian Affairs, 1900” History Collection, University of Wisconsin-Madison Libraries. https://digital.library.wisc.edu/1711.dl/3YVW4ZRARQT7J8S “If we would be successful in our work, the Indian child must be placed in school before the habits of barbarous life have become fixed, and there…